What is one potential outcome of receiving an Authorization to Operate (ATO)?

Receiving an Authorization to Operate (ATO) signifies that a system can proceed with operations under the stipulation that specific security controls are implemented and maintained. An ATO is granted after an assessment of the system's security posture, ensuring that it meets the necessary compliance and risk management standards. This means that while the system is allowed to operate, it must adhere to the security requirements defined during the authorization process, which may include continuous monitoring and periodic reviews.

In contrast, the other options suggest scenarios that are not aligned with the nature of an ATO. For instance, the idea that a system can operate indefinitely without any risk assessment contradicts the fundamental principles of risk management and compliance. Similarly, the notion that the system requires no further action or is permanently authorized overlooks the continuous nature of security and the requirement for ongoing assessments to adapt to emerging threats. Lastly, suggesting that the authorization applies only to external use narrows the purpose of an ATO, which encompasses broader operational contexts and does not restrict usage based on the nature of the system's interactions.