What does Step 5 of RMF primarily involve?

Step 5 of the Risk Management Framework (RMF) primarily involves documenting risk and developing Plans of Action and Milestones (POAM). This step is crucial because it formalizes the findings from the risk assessment and provides a structured methodology for identifying the necessary actions to mitigate risks associated with information systems.

During this step, organizations create a comprehensive POAM that outlines strategies to address identified vulnerabilities, including the resources needed and timelines for remediation activities. This not only helps ensure accountability but also aids in tracking progress over time. Clear documentation is essential for maintaining oversight and preparing for future assessments or authorization renewals.

The other options focus on different aspects of risk management or security processes. For example, conducting remediation assessments relates more to evaluating the effectiveness of previously implemented security measures rather than documenting and planning. Updating security plans can occur as a result of findings in Step 5 but is not the primary focus of this step itself. Registering system controls involves cataloging specific security measures, which is essential but not the core activity of documenting risk and developing POAM in Step 5.