In the context of CAP, what does "Authorization" refer to?

In the context of Certified Authorization Professional (CAP), "Authorization" specifically refers to the official management decision to authorize the operation of a system and accept the associated risk. This is a critical step in risk management and information assurance processes, as it signifies that a system has undergone a thorough evaluation and is ready to be used, provided that the associated risks have been acknowledged and accepted by management.

This decision is typically made after a comprehensive assessment of the system's security posture, which includes evaluating security controls and determining their effectiveness in mitigating risks to an acceptable level. This process is formalized through documentation, which outlines the risks, security measures in place, and the justification for authorization.

Understanding authorization is essential in the context of risk management because it not only addresses the operation of the system but also emphasizes the accountability and responsibility of management in recognizing and accepting the risks involved. This sets the stage for ongoing monitoring and reassessment of the system's security dynamics throughout its lifecycle.